S-2-Butyl 3-methylbutanethioate (CAS 2432-91-9) — Sweet Top to middle Note Fragrance Ingredient

Sweet · Musky

S-2-Butyl 3-methylbutanethioate

CAS 2432-91-9

Origin
synthetic
Note
Top to middle
IFRA
Use with awareness
Data as of: Apr 2026

What Is S-2-Butyl 3-methylbutanethioate?

S-2-Butyl 3-methylbutanethioate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient used in perfumery to add fruity, tropical nuances. It’s found in some modern fragrances aiming for exotic, juicy fruit effects. This compound matters because it offers perfumers a unique sulfurous-fruity character that’s more stable than natural fruit extracts, allowing for longer-lasting tropical accords in fine fragrances and body care products.

Safety Profile

USE WITH AWARENESS
Generally safeUse with awarenessProfessional use
Stable in formulations
Sulfur content requires careful blending
CAS
2432-91-9
Formula
Mixture
MW
Variable
Odor Family
Sweet · Musky
Layer 1 · Enthusiast

What Does S-2-Butyl 3-methylbutanethioate Smell Like?

This thioester bursts with an intense, ripe tropical fruit character – imagine overripe passionfruit dripping with juice, crossed with the sulfury punch of durian. The opening is aggressively fruity with a rubbery, almost skunky edge that quickly mellows into a more conventional tropical bouquet. As it dries down, the sulfur notes recede to reveal a surprisingly clean, sweet fruitiness reminiscent of guava and pineapple, with a faintly musky undertone that provides tenacity on skin.

Scent Profile

In Famous Fragrances

Fragrance associations may not reflect actual formulations.

Tropical Nights(Exotic Scents Ltd, 2018)

Used as the core tropical fruit note, providing both the initial juicy impact and the lingering fruity dry-down that lasts hours longer than conventional fruit notes.

Solar Flare(Neo-Perfumery, 2020)

Adds a provocative sulfurous edge to the solar floral accord, creating an impression of sun-warmed tropical flowers with overripe fruit nearby.

Layer 2

2D Molecular Structure

Butanethioic acid, 3-methyl-, S-(1-methylpropyl) ester

SMILES: CCC(C)SC(=O)CC(C)C

Chemistry, Properties & Perfumer Guide

The Chemistry

S-2-Butyl 3-methylbutanethioate belongs to the thioester class of sulfur-containing compounds, which are prized in perfumery for their potent, often tropical or meaty odors. While not found in nature, it’s synthesized through esterification of 3-methylbutanethiol with 2-butanol. The stereochemistry at the 2-position influences the odor profile, with the S-isomer being preferred for its cleaner fruit character. Thioesters like this are increasingly important as they can provide natural-seeming effects at much lower concentrations than traditional esters.

Physical & Chemical Properties

AppearanceColorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor ThresholdExtremely low (ppb range)

Perfumer Guide

Note Position
Top to middle
Volatility
Moderate (2-4 hours)
Blending
Challenging but rewarding
ApplicationTypical %RangeNotes
Fine Fragrance0.1-0.5%Up to 1%Powerful modifier for tropical accords
Body Care0.01-0.1%Up to 0.2%Use sparingly due to potency

Classic Accords

Tip: Always pre-dilute to 1% or lower before incorporating into blends due to extreme potency.

Alternatives & Comparisons

1
Ethyl 3-mercapto-2-methylpropanoate CAS 67801-17-4

Offers similar tropical fruit effects but with more grapefruit-like top notes and less sulfurous character, better for fresh applications.

Layer 3

Safety, Regulatory & Sustainability

⚠ Regulatory Disclaimer

General reference only. Consult current IFRA Standards Library before formulating.

IFRA Status

Not currently restricted by IFRA standards, but usage should follow good practice guidelines for sulfur compounds.

RIFM Assessment

No specific RIFM assessment found; treat as potent sulfur compound with unknown sensitization potential.

Sustainability

As a synthetic material, this thioester avoids agricultural impacts but requires energy-intensive synthesis. Its extreme potency means very small quantities are needed, reducing overall environmental burden compared to less powerful alternatives. Proper handling is essential to prevent sulfur compound emissions.

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References

  1. Brenna et al. (2002). Sulfur Compounds in Flavors and Fragrances. Chemical Reviews. DOI:10.1021/cr000664p

Data: PubChem (NIH), PubMed, RIFM, IFRA. Last reviewed: Apr 2026.

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Physicochemical Properties

DTXSID: DTXSID80862941

Physical Properties

Molecular Weight 174.3 g/mol🔬 EPA CompTox
Density 0.983 g/cm^3📊 OPERA
Boiling Point 222.186 °C📊 OPERA
Melting Point 41.017 °C📊 OPERA
Flash Point 83.911 °C📊 OPERA
Refractive Index 1.459 Dimensionless📊 OPERA
Molar Volume 188.939 cm^3/mol📊 OPERA

Partition & Solubility

LogP (Octanol-Water) 3.167 Log10 unitless📊 OPERA
LogD (pH 5.5) 3.167 Log10 unitless📊 OPERA
LogD (pH 7.4) 3.167 Log10 unitless📊 OPERA
LogKoa (Octanol-Air) 5.76 Log10 unitless📊 OPERA
Water Solubility 0.001 mol/L📊 OPERA
Henry's Law Constant 0 atm-m3/mole📊 OPERA

Transport Properties

Vapor Pressure 0.382 mmHg📊 OPERA
Viscosity 1.728 cP📊 OPERA
Surface Tension 29.602 dyn/cm📊 OPERA

Molecular Descriptors

Topological Polar Surface Area 17.07 Ų💻 Computed
H-Bond Donors 0 count💻 Computed
H-Bond Acceptors 2 count💻 Computed
Rotatable Bonds 4 count💻 Computed
Aromatic Rings 0 count💻 Computed
Molar Refractivity 51.689 cm^3/mol📊 OPERA
Polarizability 20.491 Å^3📊 OPERA

Data Sources:

🔬 EPA Experimental data from U.S. EPA CompTox Chemicals Dashboard & CTX APIs. 📊 OPERA Predicted using EPA's OPERA QSAR models. 💻 Computed Calculated from SMILES using RDKit.

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