3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione (CAS 13494-06-09) — Sweet Middle to base Note Fragrance Ingredient
3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione
CAS 13494-06-09
What Is 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione?
3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione is a synthetic aroma compound used in food and fragrance industries. It contributes caramel-like, nutty, and roasted notes, often found in coffee, chocolate, and baked goods flavors. This ingredient matters because it enhances depth and complexity in gourmand fragrances and food products, creating rich, warm olfactory experiences.
Safety Profile
USE WITH AWARENESSWhat Does 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione Smell Like?
3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione delivers an intense caramelized sugar aroma with deep roasted coffee undertones. The initial burst is reminiscent of freshly baked bread crust, evolving into a nutty heart with hints of toasted almonds and hazelnuts. The dry-down reveals a persistent maple syrup sweetness with a subtle smoky edge, creating a comforting gourmand foundation. Its character is warm, enveloping, and slightly phenolic, making it ideal for adding depth to dessert-like fragrances.
In Famous Fragrances
Fragrance associations may not reflect actual formulations.
Used to enhance the gourmand chocolate-patchouli accord, contributing roasted depth that balances the sweetness.
Provides coffee-like roasted notes that complement the vanilla-caffeine accord in this modern gourmand.
Adds burnt sugar complexity to the masculine chocolate-coffee-tar fragrance pyramid.
Contributes to the vanilla-amber accord with its caramelized wood facets.
Enhances the smoky chestnut character with its roasted nutty dimensions.
Chemistry, Properties & Perfumer Guide
The Chemistry
3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione belongs to the cyclopentadione class of aroma compounds. These molecules are formed during Maillard reactions, responsible for browning and flavor development in cooked foods. Synthetically, it can be produced through thermal degradation of sugars or from furfural derivatives. The molecule’s planar structure and conjugated carbonyl groups contribute to its stability and intense aroma characteristics. While not chiral, the specific methylation pattern at positions 3 and 4 creates its unique olfactory profile distinct from other cyclopentadiones.
Physical & Chemical Properties
| Appearance | Yellowish crystalline powder |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | 85-88 °C |
| Solubility | Soluble in ethanol, propylene glycol |
Perfumer Guide
| Application | Typical % | Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fine Fragrance | 0.1-0.5% | Up to 1% | Gourmand accent |
| Functional Fragrance | 0.05-0.2% | Up to 0.5% | Food-like notes |
| Home Care | 0.01-0.1% | Up to 0.3% | Warmth in fabric softeners |
Classic Accords
Tip: Use sparingly as it can dominate blends – best paired with balancing fresh or woody notes.
Alternatives & Comparisons
Safety, Regulatory & Sustainability
⚠ Regulatory Disclaimer
General reference only. Consult current IFRA Standards Library before formulating.
IFRA Status
No specific IFRA restrictions. General usage guidelines apply for carbonyl compounds.
GHS Classification
RIFM Assessment
RIFM has evaluated related cyclopentadiones but specific data on this isomer is limited.
Sustainability
As a synthetic material, production avoids agricultural land use. However, synthesis typically requires petrochemical feedstocks. Recent research explores bio-based routes from lignocellulosic biomass. Proper waste management is essential as carbonyl compounds can be reactive in aquatic environments.
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References
- Blank et al. (2002). Structure-Odor Relationships in Cyclopentadiones. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. ACS Publication
- EFSA Panel (2015). Safety evaluation of cyclopentadione derivatives as flavouring substances. EFSA Journal
Data: PubChem (NIH), PubMed, RIFM, IFRA. Last reviewed: Apr 2026.
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