Cottonseed oil, fixed (CAS 8001-29-4) — Woody Base Note Fragrance Ingredient
Cottonseed oil, fixed
CAS 8001-29-4
What Is Cottonseed oil, fixed?
Cottonseed oil is a fixed oil extracted from cotton plant seeds, commonly encountered in cosmetics, soaps, and some food products. It serves as an emollient and carrier oil in skincare formulations. While not a traditional fragrance ingredient, its mild nutty aroma makes it useful as a subtle base note in certain natural perfumes and body care products.
Safety Profile
GENERALLY SAFEWhat Does Cottonseed oil, fixed Smell Like?
Cottonseed oil has a faint, warm, nutty aroma with slight earthy undertones. The scent profile is subtle and dry, reminiscent of raw sunflower seeds or unroasted peanuts. Unlike volatile fragrance oils, its odor remains close to the skin, providing a soft, comforting base note that blends well with woody and herbal accords without overpowering other elements.
In Famous Fragrances
Fragrance associations may not reflect actual formulations.
Used as a textural base to complement the ambergris accord, adding a subtle nutty warmth to the woody-amber composition.
Provides a soft, dry foundation for the sandalwood notes, enhancing the wood’s natural creaminess.
Chemistry, Properties & Perfumer Guide
The Chemistry
Cottonseed oil is a triglyceride mixture primarily composed of linoleic (50-55%), palmitic (20-25%), and oleic (15-20%) fatty acids. The oil is obtained through mechanical pressing or solvent extraction of Gossypium hirsutum seeds. Natural tocopherols present in the oil act as antioxidants. The characteristic nutty aroma comes from minor lipid oxidation products and natural seed constituents.
Physical & Chemical Properties
| Appearance | Pale yellow to dark red viscous liquid |
|---|---|
| Flash Point | >200 °C |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents |
Perfumer Guide
| Application | Typical % | Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fine Fragrance | 1-3% | Up to 5% | Used as a fixative base note |
| Soaps | 5-10% | Up to 15% | Adds skin benefits and mild scent |
Classic Accords
Tip: Heat gently to improve viscosity before blending with other oils.
Alternatives & Comparisons
Lighter alternative with less pronounced aroma, suitable for delicate fragrance compositions.
Offers a more distinctive nutty character when a stronger base note is desired.
Safety, Regulatory & Sustainability
⚠ Regulatory Disclaimer
General reference only. Consult current IFRA Standards Library before formulating.
IFRA Status
Not restricted by IFRA. Considered safe for use in cosmetics and fragrances.
RIFM Assessment
RIFM considers cottonseed oil safe for use in current cosmetic practices.
Sustainability
Cottonseed oil is a byproduct of cotton production, making it an efficient use of agricultural resources. However, conventional cotton farming raises concerns about pesticide use and water consumption. Organic and sustainably farmed cottonseed oil options are available. The oil is biodegradable and presents minimal environmental risk when properly disposed.
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References
- Burdock, G.A. (2010). Fenaroli’s Handbook of Flavor Ingredients. CRC Press. ISBN 9781420090867
- USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 28
Data: PubChem (NIH), PubMed, RIFM, IFRA. Last reviewed: Apr 2026.
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