Dipropyl disulfide (CAS 629-19-6) — Spicy Base Note Fragrance Ingredient
Dipropyl disulfide
CAS 629-19-6
What Is Dipropyl disulfide?
Dipropyl disulfide is a synthetic sulfur compound rarely encountered by consumers outside of industrial or laboratory settings. In perfumery, it’s an ultra-niche material used in trace amounts for specific effects. This ingredient matters because it can impart extremely powerful onion/garlic notes at minute concentrations, making it valuable for creating realistic savory accords in avant-garde fragrances.
Safety Profile
PROFESSIONAL USEWhat Does Dipropyl disulfide Smell Like?
Dipropyl disulfide explodes with an intensely pungent, raw onion-like aroma that borders on aggressive at full strength. The initial blast carries sulfurous, almost skunky undertones that gradually soften into a cooked allium character reminiscent of simmering garlic. In dilution, it reveals a surprising complexity – the harshness recedes to leave a savory, meaty depth that works well in gourmand bases. The dry-down persists for hours as a faint sulfury whisper, requiring careful balancing with sweeter notes to prevent overwhelming compositions.
2D Molecular Structure
SMILES: CCCSSCCC
Chemistry, Properties & Perfumer Guide
The Chemistry
Dipropyl disulfide belongs to the organosulfur compound class, specifically the dialkyl disulfides. While some disulfides occur naturally in plants like garlic and onions, this synthetic version offers precise control over olfactory properties. Industrially produced through oxidation of propanethiol or via reaction of propyl halides with sodium disulfide. The molecule’s S-S bond is responsible for its characteristic odor profile, with the propyl groups modulating volatility and tenacity compared to shorter-chain variants.
Physical & Chemical Properties
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquid |
|---|---|
| Odor Threshold | Extremely low (ppb range) |
Perfumer Guide
| Application | Typical % | Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fine Fragrance | 0.001-0.01% | Up to 0.1% | Used in trace amounts only |
| Flavor | ppm levels | 1-10 ppm | For savory applications |
Classic Accords
Tip: Always pre-dilute to 0.1% or lower before incorporating into blends.
Alternatives & Comparisons
Milder onion note with green facets, better for delicate compositions while maintaining sulfury character.
Stronger garlic aroma from natural sources, preferred for more naturalistic profiles.
Safety, Regulatory & Sustainability
⚠ Regulatory Disclaimer
General reference only. Consult current IFRA Standards Library before formulating.
IFRA Status
Not currently restricted by IFRA but requires careful handling due to potency.
GHS Classification
RIFM Assessment
No formal RIFM assessment available due to extremely limited consumer exposure.
Sustainability
As a synthetic material produced in small quantities, dipropyl disulfide has minimal environmental impact. Production typically occurs as needed rather than in bulk. No known ecological concerns at current usage levels, though sulfur compounds generally require careful waste management.
Explore Dipropyl disulfide
Browse essential oils and aroma compounds.
Browse on iHerb →Affiliate disclosure: we may earn a small commission at no extra cost to you.
Ingredient Data Sheet
CAS 629-19-6Physical Properties
| Molecular Weight | 150.3 g/mol🔬 PubChem |
| LogP (Octanol-Water) | 2.7🔬 PubChem |
| Boiling Point | 193 °C🔬 EPA CompTox |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.512 mmHg @ 25°C📊 OPERA |
| Flash Point | 66.1 °C🔬 EPA CompTox |
| Involatility Index | 0.045💻 Calculated |
| log Kp (skin permeability) | -1.7💻 Calculated |
| SMILES | CCCSSCCC🔬 PubChem |
Volatility & Performance
| Fragrance Note | Top💻 Calculated |
| Volatility Class | Slow💻 Calculated |
| Persistence Score | 0.5 / 5💻 Calculated |
Odor & Flavor
| Primary Descriptors | garlicgreenonion• leffingwell |
| “The flavor is, according to well-known experiments, almost entirely dependent upon the odor impression. The reasonably pleasant level (unless you dislike Garlic very strongly) is about 0.1 ppm, but concentrations much”📖 Arctander | |
| Propyl disulfide has a pungent, sulfur-like odor, with penetrating qualities like the odor of onion and garlic.📖 Fenaroli | |
Flavor Notes (Arctander)
| “The flavor is, according to well-known experiments, almost entirely dependent upon the odor impression. The reasonably pleasant level (unless you dislike Garlic very strongly) is about 0.1 ppm, but concentrations much This material is one of a number of Disulfides identified in Onion and in Garlic. ”📖 Arctander |
Sensory Thresholds
| Odor Detection Threshold | 0.13 ppm📖 van Gemert |
Regulatory Status
| IOFI Classification | Nature Identical📖 Fenaroli |
Physical data: PubChem (NIH/NLM), U.S. EPA CompTox Dashboard, EPA OPERA models, RDKit. Odor & flavor: Arctander (Perfume & Flavor Chemicals), Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, Leffingwell. Thresholds: van Gemert (Compilations of Odour Threshold Values). Regulatory: IFRA Standards 51st, FEMA GRAS. Trade names: Surburg (Common Fragrance & Flavor Materials). All data compiled and cross-referenced for perfumertools.com.
Physicochemical Properties
DTXSID: DTXSID2022096
Physical Properties
| Molecular Weight | 150.3 g/mol🔬 EPA CompTox |
| Density | 0.953 g/cm^3🔬 EPA CTX |
| Boiling Point | 194.5 °C🔬 EPA CTX |
| Melting Point | -85.783 °C🔬 EPA CTX |
| Flash Point | 66.111 °C🔬 EPA CTX |
| Refractive Index | 1.501 Dimensionless📊 OPERA |
| Molar Volume | 155.515 cm^3/mol📊 OPERA |
Partition & Solubility
| LogP (Octanol-Water) | 3.452 Log10 unitless📊 OPERA |
| LogD (pH 5.5) | 3.452 Log10 unitless📊 OPERA |
| LogD (pH 7.4) | 3.452 Log10 unitless📊 OPERA |
| LogKoa (Octanol-Air) | 5 Log10 unitless📊 OPERA |
| Water Solubility | 0.008 mol/L📊 OPERA |
| Henry's Law Constant | 0.003 atm-m3/mole🔬 EPA CTX |
Transport Properties
| Vapor Pressure | 0.512 mmHg🔬 EPA CTX |
| Surface Tension | 31.354 dyn/cm📊 OPERA |
Molecular Descriptors
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 0 Ų💻 Computed |
| H-Bond Donors | 0 count💻 Computed |
| H-Bond Acceptors | 2 count💻 Computed |
| Rotatable Bonds | 5 count💻 Computed |
| Aromatic Rings | 0 count💻 Computed |
| Molar Refractivity | 45.84 cm^3/mol📊 OPERA |
| Polarizability | 18.172 Å^3📊 OPERA |
Data Sources:
🔬 EPA Experimental data from U.S. EPA CompTox Chemicals Dashboard & CTX APIs. 📊 OPERA Predicted using EPA's OPERA QSAR models. 💻 Computed Calculated from SMILES using RDKit.
