Benzyl 2-hydroxypropionate (CAS 2051-96-9) — Sweet Middle Note Fragrance Ingredient
Benzyl 2-hydroxypropionate
CAS 2051-96-9
What Is Benzyl 2-hydroxypropionate?
Benzyl 2-hydroxypropionate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient used in perfumes and personal care products. It contributes a subtle fruity-floral character to formulations. This ester is valued for its ability to enhance freshness and add dimension to fragrance compositions without overpowering other notes.
Safety Profile
GENERALLY SAFEWhat Does Benzyl 2-hydroxypropionate Smell Like?
Benzyl 2-hydroxypropionate presents a delicate bouquet that evolves from initial fruity top notes reminiscent of ripe pears and apricots into a soft floral heart. The dry-down reveals a subtle honeyed warmth with a clean, slightly powdery finish. Its moderate volatility makes it useful for bridging top and middle notes, adding a transparent luminosity to floral compositions.
In Famous Fragrances
Fragrance associations may not reflect actual formulations.
Used as a fruity-floral bridge between citrus top notes and jasmine heart, contributing to the fragrance’s soft, luminous character.
Enhances the strawberry-like facets of violet leaf accord while smoothing sharper green notes.
Chemistry, Properties & Perfumer Guide
The Chemistry
Benzyl 2-hydroxypropionate is an ester formed by the condensation of benzyl alcohol with lactic acid. As a synthetic material, it’s typically produced via acid-catalyzed esterification. The molecule features both aromatic (benzyl) and aliphatic (hydroxypropionate) moieties, giving it unique solubility and volatility properties. The hydroxyl group increases polarity compared to simple benzyl esters.
Physical & Chemical Properties
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquid |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | ~250 °C (estimated) |
| Density | ~1.1 g/cm³ (estimated) |
Perfumer Guide
| Application | Typical % | Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fine Fragrance | 1-3% | 0.5-5% | Used as modifier rather than main note |
| Soap | 0.2-1% | Up to 2% | Adds fruity freshness |
Classic Accords
Tip: Use to soften harsh green notes and add fruity dimension to white florals.
Alternatives & Comparisons
More intense jasmine character with less fruity nuance. Higher volatility.
Safety, Regulatory & Sustainability
⚠ Regulatory Disclaimer
General reference only. Consult current IFRA Standards Library before formulating.
IFRA Status
Not currently restricted by IFRA. No specific usage limits established.
RIFM Assessment
No specific safety assessment found in RIFM database. Considered low risk based on structural analogs.
Sustainability
As a synthetic material, production avoids agricultural land use. Typical synthesis routes have moderate environmental impact. Biodegradability expected to be good due to ester functionality.
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References
- Bauer et al. (2001). Common Fragrance and Flavor Materials. Wiley-VCH.
Data: PubChem (NIH), PubMed, RIFM, IFRA. Last reviewed: Apr 2026.
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